Yes, they can.

Remember, if the air filters aren't clean, the engine strains to run properly, and if they are bad enough, the computer is slow in adjusting the fuel mixture, which means you are running richer than you typically would be, anytime you change throttle positions.

You need new filters, if you haven't replaced them already.

New spark plugs and wires might be something to consider in the future, but not needed for a bit.

BC.