I worked at an emissions inspection station for a while. Every state is different, but here, on OBDII cars, We physically connect our system to the car. If the OBDII does not indicate an emissions fault, and there are no check engine lights on, we typically won't even look at the vehicles exhaust, or pop the hood.
If however either of the above happens, (and the OBD may throw for something mundane like a loose gas cap) we would do a full component inspection. The stations have books that tell them exactly how many cats and O2 sensors your vehicle should have. (almost all cars have an underhood label with this info also.) If it's not there, you fail.

My advice; if you do remove the cats, make flanged pipes to replace them that can be removed and the factory cats re-installed for inspections.