Originally Posted by apkano
Just research stoichiometric ratio.
Timing does not = HP. Advanced timing allows more fuel to be introduced to the cylinders and still accomplish a complete burn. If the mixture is too rich (too much fuel) then the combustion takes longer. Too lean of a mixture causes the fuel to ignite under pressure (dieseling). There's a fine balance between a condition called "lean-roll" which is ideal, and being lean to the point of detonation.
I'm going to be
gentle here, apkano. Almost everything you stated is just plain wrong and/or explained very poorly. AFRs around 12:1 is where max power is made under boost. Advancing timing changes where on the piston/rod stroke the power is applied to the crankshaft. Closer to TDC means more average energy output onto the crankshaft. Dieseling is caused by compression of a fuel-air mixture and can happen whether rich OR lean. Too lean of a mixture can cause pre-ignition and/or knock, which is not just dieseling. Pre-ignition occurs due to a lot of things, but in addition to dieseling, it is often due to super-hot carbon deposits. Knock is basically an explosion of the fuel-air mixture, as opposed to a "burn" which one would find in a normal ignition situation.
Again - timing has nothing to do with how much "fuel is introduced into the cylinders." That has to do with your injector pulse, injector flow, and fuel rail pressure. Timing is all about where on the piston stroke the fuel burn occurs. Too soon after TDC and the dynamic cylinder pressure will cause ringlands to blow out or rods to snap. Too long after TDC and the burning fuel/air mixture doesn't have enough time to push on the rods enough to generate any kind of power.
This may just be a case of "you know what I mean vs. what I actually said", so don't take it personally. But compare the information you stated to the information in a book like "Maximum Boost" and statements like "Timing does not = HP" are just plain wrong.